Project 1.2: Experimental and Analytical Study of Creep, Shrinkage, Thermal Effects and Alkali Silica Reactions in Mass Concrete

Mass concrete used in dams exhibits complex time-dependent behaviours such as creep, shrinkage, thermal effects, and alkali–silica reaction (ASR), which significantly influence long-term durability and safety. While extensive research exists for structural concrete in buildings and bridges, predictive models and experimental data for dam concrete remain limited. The presence of large aggregates, low binder content, and unique curing conditions complicates experimental characterization, necessitating specialized approaches such as wet-screened concrete and in situ monitoring. Early-age creep, thermal gradients from hydration, and ASR-induced expansion are critical factors contributing to cracking, deformation, and loss of structural integrity. This research proposes an integrated program combining experimental, numerical, and rehabilitation studies to address these challenges. Laboratory investigations will measure creep, shrinkage, thermal effects, and ASR reactivity under controlled environmental conditions, while numerical modelling frameworks will be adapted to incorporate hygro-thermo-chemo-mechanical behaviour and ASR kinetics. Field studies on instrumented dams will provide long-term data on deformations, ambient conditions, and water loads, enabling validation of models and assessment of degradation. Rehabilitation strategies, including grouting, geomembranes, cooling, and post-tensioning, will be evaluated for short- and long-term effectiveness. Expected contributions include development of predictive models tailored for mass concrete, protocols for assessing and mitigating ASR damage, guidelines for rehabilitation, and capacity building through training and workshops. The outcomes will enhance safety assessment, reduce life-cycle costs, and strengthen resilience of dam infrastructure against time-dependent deterioration, ensuring sustainable performance under evolving environmental and operational demands.